FWIU it takes extra heat to heat pipe heat e.g. to a thermal energy recovery area of a datacenter.
New advances in thin-film thermoelectrics for cooling not energy harvesting IIUC:
"New thermoelectric cooling breakthrough nearly doubles efficiency" (2025)
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45323213
"Microsoft develops breakthrough chip cooling method — microfluidic channels can cut peak temps by up to 65%, outperform conventional cold plates by up to 3x" (2025) https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/liquid-cooling/mi...
"AI chips are getting hotter. A microfluidics breakthrough goes straight to the silicon to cool up to three times better." (2025) https://news.microsoft.com/source/features/innovation/microf...
Graphene based chips would have less thermal loss.
Graphene heat sinks without thermal paste:
"Graphene based CPU coolers" (2025) https://www.pcgamer.com/hardware/processors/cyberpower-begin...
"Graphene thermal pad for AMD CPUs promises 17X better conductivity than thermal paste, 2X improvement over Thermal Grizzly" (2025) https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/thermal-paste/gra...
...
What work can channeled heat do?
"Electrically gated molecular thermal switch" (2023) https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abo4297 ... "Thermal transistors handle heat with no moving parts" (2023) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38270523
FWIU it takes extra heat to heat pipe heat e.g. to a thermal energy recovery area of a datacenter.
New advances in thin-film thermoelectrics for cooling not energy harvesting IIUC: "New thermoelectric cooling breakthrough nearly doubles efficiency" (2025) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45323213